Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a protein produced by the immune system to help regulate inflammation and fight against infections. It plays a crucial role in the body's immune response by triggering inflammation, which helps to eliminate harmful pathogens and heal damaged tissues. However, when TNF levels become dysregulated, it can lead to chronic inflammation and contribute to the development of various diseases such as autoimmune disorders, cancer, and inflammatory conditions. Research in the field of tumor necrosis factor focuses on understanding its role in disease pathogenesis, developing therapies that target TNF to treat various inflammatory conditions, and identifying biomarkers that can help predict disease progression. TNF inhibitors, such as adalimumab and infliximab, have been developed to target TNF and are commonly used to treat autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, and psoriasis. Ongoing research continues to explore the complex role of TNF in various diseases and develop new treatment strategies to modulate its activity effectively.